{"id":1445,"date":"2023-03-20T14:11:33","date_gmt":"2023-03-20T13:11:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/project\/essais-denherbement-sous-les-rangs-de-vignes-et-darbres-fruitiers\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T13:47:38","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T11:47:38","slug":"essais-denherbement-sous-les-rangs-de-vignes-et-darbres-fruitiers","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/project\/essais-denherbement-sous-les-rangs-de-vignes-et-darbres-fruitiers\/","title":{"rendered":"Essais d&rsquo;enherbement sous les rangs de vignes et d&rsquo;arbres fruitiers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:2%;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:42%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.5714285714286%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.5714285714286%;--awb-width-medium:42%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.5714285714286%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.5714285714286%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h6>France<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"align-self: flex-start;margin-right:auto;margin-top:1%;margin-bottom:1%;width:100%;max-width:35px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:var(--awb-color5);border-color:var(--awb-color5);border-top-width:2px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:4%;\"><h2>Essais d&rsquo;enherbement sous les rangs de vignes et d&rsquo;arbres fruitiers<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-end\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:58%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.3103448275862%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.3103448275862%;--awb-width-medium:58%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.3103448275862%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.3103448275862%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><p>L&rsquo;objectif de ce projet \u00e9tait de d\u00e9velopper des techniques innovantes non chimiques en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la prise de conscience croissante de la communaut\u00e9 viticole pour la protection des sols. De plus en plus d&rsquo;agriculteurs cherchaient des solutions naturelles, assurant une bonne qualit\u00e9 et une pr\u00e9servation dans leur strat\u00e9gie de gestion des sols et des adventices. Le projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9 principalement dans les vignobles mais aussi sur les arbres fruitiers. L&rsquo;enherbement emp\u00eache l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion du sol et r\u00e9duit les pertes par \u00e9vaporation. Cependant, l&rsquo;enherbement peut \u00e9galement g\u00e9n\u00e9rer une concurrence avec la vigne et les arbres fruitiers en utilisant les m\u00eames ressources du sol (eau, nutriments&#8230;).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1200\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-878\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1-200x120.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1-400x240.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1-600x360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1-800x480.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1-1200x720.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-2\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-caption-title-color:rgba(20,22,23,0.4);--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h6_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h6_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h6_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h6_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:capitalize;--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h6_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h6_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_2.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_2-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_2-400x600.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_2-600x900.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_2.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"text-align:right;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><h6 class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-title\">Xavier Delpuech<\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:2%;--awb-margin-bottom:4%;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p>Le Groupe Op\u00e9rationnel (GO) \u00ab\u00a0z\u00e9ro herbicide\u00a0\u00bb \u00e9tait dirig\u00e9 par l&rsquo;Institut Fran\u00e7ais de la Vigne et du Vin (IFV), en partenariat avec les Chambres d&rsquo;Agriculture des r\u00e9gions m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes : Gard, H\u00e9rault, Aude et Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es-Orientales, et avec le centre de recherche Sudexp\u00e9, qui m\u00e8ne des exp\u00e9riences sur les techniques de culture de fruits et l\u00e9gumes dans le sud de la France.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top-small:8%;--awb-padding-bottom-small:10%;--awb-background-color:rgba(25,76,39,0);--awb-background-image:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--awb-color2) 90%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-end fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-bg-color:rgba(25,76,39,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(25,76,39,0);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-small:3.84%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-3\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-caption-title-color:rgba(20,22,23,0.4);--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h6_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h6_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h6_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h6_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:capitalize;--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h6_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h6_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" alt=\"Xavier Delpuech\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3.jpg\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-890\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees_3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"text-align:left;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><h6 class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-title\">Xavier Delpuech<\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color1);\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:6%;--awb-padding-right:4%;--awb-padding-bottom:6%;--awb-padding-left:4%;--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-color5);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-color5);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:60%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:60%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:4%;\"><h4><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Le projet \u00ab\u00a0z\u00e9ro herbicide\u00a0\u00bb visait \u00e0 soutenir les exploitations viticoles dans la r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;utilisation des herbicides. Groupe Op\u00e9rationnel 2015-2019.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color1);\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-margin-bottom:4%;\"><p>Dans les r\u00e9gions m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes, la concurrence pour l&rsquo;eau est un enjeu important et l&rsquo;enherbement est un v\u00e9ritable d\u00e9fi pour les agriculteurs \u00e0 la recherche de solutions alternatives de lutte contre les adventices. En se concentrant sur la zone intra-rang, ce projet a test\u00e9 diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces et combinaisons d&rsquo;esp\u00e8ces, des m\u00e9thodes de mise en place de l&rsquo;enherbement, et a mesur\u00e9 la concurrence entre les vignes, les adventices et l&rsquo;enherbement. L&rsquo;objectif est d&rsquo;avoir un enherbement couvrant le sol autant que possible, avec un taux de concurrence limit\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;eau et les nutriments, et une hauteur limit\u00e9e pour \u00e9viter le chevauchement vertical avec les grappes et les feuilles des vignes, ainsi que pour \u00e9viter de devoir tondre fr\u00e9quemment. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:2%;--awb-margin-bottom:4%;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><p>Enherber sous le rang permet de couvrir 20%-30% du sol de la parcelle. Pour les sols profonds, l&rsquo;enherbement d&rsquo;un inter-rang sur deux  permet d&rsquo;atteindre une couverture du sol de 70%, mais l&rsquo;impact de la concurrence pour l&rsquo;eau et les nutriments (azote&#8230;) peut n\u00e9cessiter de la fertilisation et une r\u00e9duction de la largeur de la bande enherb\u00e9e. Cependant, en conditions m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes, une couverture du sol totale n&rsquo;est pas recommand\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Les essais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9s sous le rang. L&rsquo;enherbement a \u00e9t\u00e9 seulement tondu, afin d&rsquo;\u00e9viter une destruction m\u00e9canique ou chimique pour cette zone. Les inter-rangs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 travaill\u00e9s pendant le cycle v\u00e9g\u00e9tatif. Les partenaires du Groupe Op\u00e9rationnel ont ainsi mis en oeuvre de l&rsquo;enherbement sous le rang de vigne et d&rsquo;arbres fruitiers (intra-rang) en combinant diverses esp\u00e8ces, spontan\u00e9es, plant\u00e9es ou sem\u00e9es. Quelques outils de gestion du rang ont \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:6%;--awb-margin-top:6%;--awb-margin-bottom:6%;--awb-background-image:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--awb-color2) 0%,var(--awb-color1) 100%);--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:left;\"><h3>Voici quelques r\u00e9sultats g\u00e9n\u00e9raux pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s ci-dessous :<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:1;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1052\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:2;--awb-margin-top-small:3%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:5%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:2%;\"><h4>R\u00e9sultats des mesures de comp\u00e9tition<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color8);\"><ul>\n<li>Une l\u00e9g\u00e8re concurrence pour l&rsquo;eau peut appara\u00eetre.<\/li>\n<li>Il y a une concurrence pour l&rsquo;azote, mais il est possible de l&#8217;emp\u00eacher en utilisant des esp\u00e8ces l\u00e9gumineuses.<\/li>\n<li>La perte de rendement est limit\u00e9e, sauf pour les sols tr\u00e8s superficiels ou pendant les s\u00e9cheresses estivales graves.<\/li>\n<li>Les sols superficiels sont beaucoup plus impact\u00e9s que les sols plus profonds : il n&rsquo;est pas recommand\u00e9 de mettre en place de l&rsquo;enherbement permanent dans ces situations.<\/li>\n<li>Apr\u00e8s 4 \u00e0 5 ans, les adventices spontan\u00e9es prennent l&rsquo;avantage sur l&rsquo;enherbement. Pour les esp\u00e8ces peu comp\u00e9titives, cela peut prendre 2 \u00e0 3 ans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:4;--awb-margin-top-small:3%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:5%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:2%;\"><h4>Enherbement sem\u00e9 sous le rang<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color8);\"><ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;enherbement est une alternative int\u00e9ressante pour la lutte contre les adventices. Selon le choix des esp\u00e8ces, vous pouvez avoir diff\u00e9rents taux de couverture, diff\u00e9rentes hauteurs d&rsquo;enherbement, et diff\u00e9rents niveaux de concurrence.<\/li>\n<li>Probl\u00e8mes techniques restants : le semis entre les rangs est compliqu\u00e9 et peut \u00eatre co\u00fbteux ; le semis ne fonctionne pas toujours ; l&rsquo;enherbement dure quelques ann\u00e9es avant que les adventices ne prennent l&rsquo;avantage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:3;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1046\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-2.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:5;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-6 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"Oper8 &#8211; Experimental cover crops under the rows of grapevines and fruit trees\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Oper8_experimental-cover-crops-under-the-rows-of-grapevines-and-fruit-trees-3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:6;--awb-margin-top-small:3%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:5%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-15 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:2%;\"><h4>Enherbement spontan\u00e9 sous le rang<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-16\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color8);\"><ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;enherbement spontan\u00e9 est naturellement adapt\u00e9 au sol et au climat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Probl\u00e8me:<\/strong>  il n&rsquo;y a aucun contr\u00f4le sur les esp\u00e8ces spontan\u00e9es en ce qui concerne la hauteur, le taux de couverture du sol et la concurrence avec les vignes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:2%;--awb-margin-bottom:4%;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-17\"><p>L&rsquo;enherbement sous le rang est une alternative pour la lutte contre les alternatives. La concurrence peut \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9e en fonction de la largeur de la bande enherb\u00e9e, et avec un choix coh\u00e9rent des esp\u00e8ces \u00e0 implanter.<br \/>\nUne brochure de pr\u00e9sentation sur les aspects techniques du projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 produite en fran\u00e7ais et plusieurs vid\u00e9os ont \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9es pour une diffusion large des r\u00e9sultats. Les r\u00e9sultats ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s lors de conf\u00e9rences techniques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":872,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"portfolio_category":[66],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[],"class_list":["post-1445","avada_portfolio","type-avada_portfolio","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio_category-france-fr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/avada_portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1445"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1514,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1445\/revisions\/1514"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/872"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"portfolio_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_category?post=1445"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_skills","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_skills?post=1445"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oper-8.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_tags?post=1445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}